IIASN-9

Research School CNWS, Leiden University

School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies

In 1988, the Faculty of Arts and the Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, joined forces in the establishment of the Centre of Non-Western Studies (CNWS). The inception of the Centre marked a turning point in the development of Non-Western Studies in Leiden. It ended a long period in which Asian, African, and Amerindian studies suffered a sharp decrease in their share of available funds, and consequently a drastic reduction in the number of researchers. On 17 June 1993, the CNWS amalgamated with two Leiden-based research institutes, the Centre for the History of European Expansion (IGEER), and the Research Institute for Descriptive and Comparative Linguistics (IBVTW). This merger coincided with the official recognition of the CNWS as a research institute. Soon after, the Faculties of Arts of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Nijmegen University joined the Institute. On 16 June 1994, the Research School CNWS, as it was called henceforth, was officially recognized as a Research School by the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences. In the autumn of 1994 the CNWS moved into the Nonnensteeg building, in which the IIAS also has its premises.

Aims
The aim of the Research School is to encourage Asian, African, and Amerindian studies in the Humanities, the Social Sciences, and Law; to strengthen cooperation between the disciplines involved, to intensify the collaboration with national research institutes and museums in Leiden, and to stimulate internationalization of research and teaching in the various relevant areas and disciplines. Geographically, the focus of attention is on Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Oceania, the Far East, South and Meso-America, the Caribbean islands, and Indian North America. Each of these areas is studied from various disciplinary angles, notably archaeology, anthropology, art history, development sociology, history, law, linguistics, literature, and religion.

Composition and organization
The Research School CNWS facilitates the research of the senior scholars who are appointed members to the School by the Faculty of Arts, Leiden University, on the recommendation of the Board of the CNWS and after consultation with the relevant faculty and department. The members spend at least fifty percent of their research time on projects included in the Research Programme of the CNWS.

The School is governed by a Board consisting of five members. The meetings of the board are attended by a representative of the CNWS PhD students. The board members are appointed for a period of three years by the Faculty of Arts, Leiden University. Chairman of the Board is Prof. P. W. Klein.
The daily activities of the CNWS are supervised by a Director and Joint Director, who are assisted by a staff of four people. The Board is supported by four advisory committees that advise on general matters and on activities related to the academic functioning of the CNWS, its training programmes for PhD students, and the CNWS publication projects.

All of the research projects which are being carried out by the Research School are grouped into sixteen separate research clusters. These clusters are made up of the members of the Institute, who are teaching in one or more non-Western departments of Leiden University (Faculties of Arts, Law, or Social Sciences), Amsterdam Free University (Faculty of Arts), and the Catholic University of Nijmegen (Faculty of Arts).
All clusters are set up on the basis of one or more academic disciplines. There are two monodisciplinary clusters, working in the field of linguistics. The interdisciplinary clusters are organized either regionally or thematically. Their emphasis on a particular region or theme cuts across the profiles of the undergraduate non-Western departments. In this way the clusters hope to provide new stimuli for research.
At present, the CNWS is responsible for the research of some 120 senior researchers, and for the work of some 85 junior researchers (PhD students). The junior researchers include the so-called 'Aios' (who are appointed by the University) and the 'Oios' (who are appointed by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, NWO, The Hague).

Publications
The School also publishes the CNWS Publications. This series was started in 1991, and since then, 46 books have appeared. The series was established as part of a deliberate policy to publish research which having little commercial visibility would otherwise never reach a wider audience. The books are moderately priced and published within a short time after being submitted. All the manuscripts are adjudicated by outside experts in the field before the editorial board passes the manuscript for publication.

PhD training
The main day-to-day activities of the CNWS are related to the supervision and training of PhD students, of whom all attend courses and seminars. These are organized at various levels. Firstly, at the beginning of their training, the students attend a number of short introductory courses on various thematic and practical subjects, including the study of history of the non- Western world; narrative structures; gender aspects; the use of audio-visual means in research; the writing of academic reports in English, and the like. Secondly, the students, throughout the whole period of their appointment, attend meetings organized by their supervisor. During these meetings, the students present and discuss the results of their work so far. Thirdly, there are courses and seminars organized by the research cluster to which the students belong. These activities are often attended by nationally and internationally renowned scholars. These, and other staff, present papers which are discussed with the students. Advanced PhD students are also often encouraged to contribute. Finally, all PhD students have a personal supervisor, in some cases more, who, in conjunction with the Director of the CNWS, is responsible for the progress of the student's work. The students receive tutorials from their supervisors, and present parts of their written work to their supervisor for correction.

Fellowships
In order to be admitted as a graduate or PhD student at the Research School, the student's proposal should be supported by a member of staff of the School who is prepared to be his/her supervisor. Admission allows the student to use all the university facilities, including tutorials and libraries.
Each year the Research School grants a limited number of PhD scholarships for a maximum period of four years with the specific task of writing a PhD thesis. In order to apply for such a fellowship, the student should present a research proposal plus further information (C.V., etc.). As in the case of other admissions, such a proposal should be supported by a professor attached to the CNWS who will act as `promotor'. The advertisement for these appointments is normally published at the beginning of the year, and enrolment takes place on 1 September.

Information
More detailed information about the CNWS can be obtained via the CNWS Homepage, Internet, that is linked up to the IIAS Homepage. Brochures, leaflets, and catalogues of books published by the CNWS can also be obtained via the CNWS secretariat.
Twice yearly the School publishes the CNWS Newsletter. This Newsletter is sent free of charge to interested universities and institutes in Holland and abroad. It includes information on the CNWS, research projects, seminars, and congresses held in Leiden, etc. Those who would like to receive the Newsletter are asked to contact the CNWS secretariat. The Newsletter is not sent to individuals. The Newsletter can also shortly be consulted via Internet.

CNWS secretariat
Nonnensteeg 1-3
PO Box 9515
2300 RA Leiden
The Netherlands
Tel: +31-71-5272171
Fax: +31-71-5272210


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